Paper cutting, or 剪紙, is one of the most enduring and visually captivating traditional folk arts in China and across East Asia. This intricate craft, typically created from red paper and featuring symmetrical designs, plays a crucial role in festivals, weddings, and religious ceremonies. Historical Origins The roots of paper cutting date back to the Han Dynasty (206 BCE–220 CE) after the invention of paper by Cai Lun. Initially reserved for religious rituals and royal court decorations, the art later became widespread among the common people. It served as a medium of both storytelling and symbolic expression. Techniques and Tools Paper cutting relies on precision tools, primarily scissors and knives. Designs range from geometric patterns to elaborate depictions of myths, animals, and daily life. Master artisans can craft layered paper cuttings with stunning depth and detail. Cultural Importance 剪紙 carries symbolic meanings — a butterfly might represent longevity, while fish of...
Chinese culture 中華文化 is one of the world’s oldest and most influential civilizations, with a continuous history spanning over five millennia. It is a rich tapestry woven from diverse threads—philosophy, literature, music, art, and customs—all of which contribute to a vibrant and dynamic heritage. At the core of Chinese culture is the concept of harmony, a principle that guides everything from family life to governance. Confucianism, with its emphasis on ethics, social responsibility, and filial piety, has profoundly shaped the values and behaviors of Chinese society. This focus on harmonious relationships and respect for hierarchy has been a cornerstone of Chinese civilization for centuries. Philosophical diversity is another hallmark of Chinese culture. Daoism, with its reverence for nature and the ideal of effortless action (wu wei), complements the structured moral framework of Confucianism. Buddhism, introduced from India, brought spiritual depth and a focus on inner peace,...